‘Phomopsis’ is a genus of fungi that, depending on the species, causes a variety of diseases. Phomopsis viticola, also referred to as excoriose, dead arm, and type 2 phomopsis, is the root cause of phomopsis at the cane level and of leaves spots.
Black lesions at the base of grape shoots, leaf petioles, and bunch stems are signs of phomopsis, as are bleached patches on winter canes, the loss of affected fruit buds, stunted shoots, small black spots with yellow halos on deformed leaves, and rot on unaffected berries. The risk from this illness is greatest in the early spring, particularly in cool and rainy weather, but in some places, control measures to safeguard the fruit may last into the summer.
Cane pruning and hand harvesting can both help to lessen the stress from this illness because the fungus colonizes mainly old wood.
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