Understanding how (good) red wine ages

To untutored wine taster, older red wines seem to be softer and gentler than harsh, inky young red wines. Those who notice such things will also observe a change in colour, typically from deep purple to light brick red. There should also be more sediment in old wine than a young one.

All of these phenomena are connected, and they are particularly related to the behavior of phenolics. These phenolics are compounds found in grapes, particularly in the skins…

Understanding Wine Acidity

Acidity is a general term for the fresh, tart or sour taste produced by the natural organic acids present in a wine. It is generally considered that wines owe their attractive qualities to a proper balance between this acidic character and the sweet and bitter sensations of other components.

All wines have some level of acidity, which is typically perceived on the human palate by a prickling sensation on the sides of the tongue.

Understanding the Acetobacter when talking about wine

The Acetobacter is a genus within the family of Acetic Acid Bacteria (AAB) known for being capable of spoiling wine by converting it ultimately into vinegar. They are present on all grapes, but they are more common on grapes that have rot.

Acetobacter can survive only thanks to the presence of oxygen and is also one of the very few groups of bacteria which can live in the high-acid (low pH) environment of wine (together with the lactic acid bacteria).

Acetic Acid and Wine

The Acetic Acid is a simple two-carbon fatty acid and one of the more common organic chemicals encountered in foods, it is also the most prevalent of the volatile acids. This is a naturally occurring organic acid that makes up the majority of a wine’s volatile acidity…

Understanding the role of Acetaldehyde in a wine

‘Acetaldehydes’ are the most common member of the group of chemical compounds known as ‘Aldehydes’, a natural constituent of nearly all plant material, including grapes. Acetaldehyde is the next to last substance involved in the fermentation pathway (and is therefore a minor constituent of all fermented products). Acetaldehyde is naturally present in wine and all wines still contain acetaldehyde after fermentation…